300–301. Philippe III (ou Felipe III en espagnol) est un prince espagnol de la maison de Habsbourg né le 14 avril 1578 à Madrid et mort le 31 mars 1621 dans la même ville. À la suite de la banqueroute de l’Espagne en 1607, Philippe III fait abolir la dette publique et doit recourir à une nouvelle cessation de paiement à ses banquiers. Alphonse Maurice (22 septembre 1611 – 16 septembre 1612). [37], In Italy, a parallel situation emerged. [51] The cultivation of sugarcane and rice had to be substituted for white mulberry, vineyards, and wheat. À sa mort, le 13 septembre 1598, Philippe II laisse en effet la direction du gouvernement à des favoris. De Lerma's role as royal favourite at court was further complicated by the rise of various 'proconsuls' under Philip III's reign – significant Spanish representatives overseas, who came to exercise independent judgement and even independent policies in the absence of strong leadership from the centre. De la obra Les Delices de l'Espagne de Juan Alvarez de Colmenar. Philip had an 'affectionate, close relationship' with Margaret,[12] and paid her additional attention after she bore him a son in 1605. Fils de Philippe II et de sa nièce Anne d'Autriche , il est roi d'Espagne , de Naples , de Sicile et de Portugal (« Philippe II ») de 1598 à sa mort. Philip III died in Madrid on 31 March 1621, and was succeeded by his son, Philip IV, who rapidly completed the process of removing the last elements of the Sandoval family regime from court. Kindle Edition. At least with peace in Europe, the Twelve Year's truce gave Philip's regime an opportunity to begin to recover its financial position. They had the following children: Generations are numbered by male-line descent from the first archdukes. [56], Philip and Lerma's attempts to resolve this crisis largely failed, and were not helped by the increasing size of the royal household – an attempt to increase royal prestige and political authority[26] – Philip's own household costs rose enormously at a time of falling income. Sommaire 1 Biographie His father, Philip II, a product of marriage between first cousins, married his niece, Anna of Austria, herself the product of a cousin couple. Il succède à son père, dont il est le seul fils survivant, en 1598. The Palatinate was a vital, Protestant set of territories along the Rhine guarding the most obvious route for reinforcements from other Spanish territories to arrive into the rebellious Dutch provinces (through Genoa). Philip married his cousin, Margaret of Austria, on 18 April 1599, a year after becoming king. Felipe VI Le roi Felipe VI en mai 2019. [Claude Gaillard, historien.] Philippe III, monarque sans volonté et sans énergie, grand amateur de chasse, de théâtre et de fêtes populaires, laissera entièrement le gouvernement entre les mains de Francisco de Sandoval y Rojas (1553-1623), marquis de Denia, puis duc de Lerma (1599), politicien d’une moralité douteuse qui subit l’influence de Rodrigo Calderón (v. 1570-1621), marquis de Siete Iglesias. The novel idea of a valido exercising power went against the long-standing popular conception that the king should exercise his powers personally, not through another. [38] Fuentes remained in power and pursuing his own policies until his death. Later generations are included although Austrian titles of nobility were abolished in 1919. Philippe III (roi d'Espagne) Usage on gl.wikipedia.org Filipe III de España; Usage on he.wikipedia.org פליפה השלישי, מלך ספרד; Usage on hu.wikipedia.org III. Italiano. Three major historians of the period have described an 'undistinguished and insignificant man',[32] a 'miserable monarch',[81] whose 'only virtue appeared to reside in a total absence of vice'. Durant son règne, Philippe III crée vingt marquis et vingt-cinq comtes[1]. Philip intervened in the problematic decision of what to do with Morisco children – should they be allowed to take them to Islamic countries, where they would be brought up as Muslims – and if they were to remain in Spain, what should be done with them? He had inherited huge debts from his father, Philip II, and an unhelpful tradition that the kingdom of Castile bore the brunt of royal taxation – Castile carried 65% of total imperial costs by 1616. All the business of government, Philip instructed, was to arrive in writing and be channeled through Lerma before reaching him. [56] By the financial crisis of 1607, the cortes had even insisted that it be recalled every three years, and that Philip take an oath – on pain of excommunication – to promise that he had spent the royal funds in line with the promises made previously to the cortes. Philippe IV (Valladolid, 8 avril 1605 - Madrid, 17 septembre 1665), dit le Grand ou le « roi-Planète », roi des Espagnes et des Indes après la mort de son père Philippe III d'Espagne, du 31 mars 1621 à sa mort. [55] Philip did not openly challenge this situation, but instead depended more and more heavily on the Castilian cortes; in turn, the cortes increasingly began to tie new grants of money to specific projects, subtly but steadily altering the relationship between the king and cortes. [6] Lerma and Philip became close friends, but Lerma was considered unsuitable by the King and Philip's tutors. Cependant, le duc de Lerma et son fils trouvent une opposition active en la personne de la reine Marguerite qui, elle aussi, exerce une profonde influence sur son mari. Deutsch. [8] The following year, Philip II died after a painful illness, leaving the Spanish Empire to his son (and grandnephew), King Philip III. [73][74] This decree was abused when Spanish settlers in Chiloé Archipelago used it to justify slave raids against groups such as the Chono of northwestern Patagonia who had never been under Spanish rule and never rebelled. . [43] Even within the peninsula itself, Philip would rule through the kingdoms of Castile, Aragon, Valencia and Portugal, the autonomous provinces of Catalonia and Andalusia – all only loosely joined together through the institution of the Castile monarchy and the person of Philip III. Isabelle Claire Eugénie d'AUTRICHE (born d'ESPAGNE) was born on month day 1566, at birth place, to Philippe II Roi d'ESPAGNE and Elisabeth Reine d'ESPAGNE (born de FRANCE). [2] In particular, Philip's reliance on his corrupt chief minister, the Duke of Lerma, drew much criticism at the time and afterwards. 900,00 € voir article. E-shops. [9] They were successful, for example, in convincing Philip to provide financial support to Ferdinand from 1600 onwards. Mais les problèmes économiques persistent et, en 1618, commence la guerre de Trente Ans. Charles passed away on month day 1632, at age 25. The supply of cheap labour and the number of rent paying property owners in these areas decreased considerably, as did agricultural outputs. Philip inherited an empire considerably enlarged by his father. Français. Malade depuis des années, le roi — il n'a que 43 ans — se plaint de la chaleur de la pièce. L'impératrice Marie et le prince Philippe qui deviendra Philippe III d'Espagne. [71] The Spanish troops headed by Spinola in the Palatinate and by Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly in Bohemia achieved a decisive victory against the Czechs in the Battle of White Mountain in 1620. Espagne - spanien -Spain: Cobre 1598-1621 Philippe III F+: 30.29 US$ + 11.75 US$ shipping. Vaccaro’s bronze is a small-scale version of his equestrian monument of the Spanish monarch erected in the square of the Gesù Nuovo in Naples in 1705. Fils aîné de Philippe III, comte d'Évreux, mort en 1343, et de Jeanne de France, morte en 1349, reine de Navarre sous le nom de Jeanne II à la mort de Charles IV le Bel. Philip has generally left a poor legacy with historians. Le 18 avril 1599, Philippe III épouse sa cousine Marguerite d'Autriche-Styrie, sœur de l'empereur Ferdinand II. [22] Whilst Philip was not hugely active in government in other ways, once these memoranda, or consulta, had reached him he appears to have been assiduous in commenting on them. [62] Only in Philip's final years did reform begin to gain momentum; a reform committee, or Junta de Reformación, was established in Lerma's final months in 1618. The story told in the memoirs of the French ambassador Bassompierre, that he was killed by the heat of a brasero (a pan of hot charcoal), because the proper official to take it away was not at hand, is a humorous exaggeration of the formal etiquette of the court. SPANISH AMERICA - KINGDOM OF SPAIN - PHILIP III 2 Reales Philippe III n.d. Indeterminé fwo_434239 World coins. Philippe IV (ou Felipe IV en espagnol) (Valladolid, 8 avril 1605 - Madrid, 17 septembre 1665), dit le Grand ou le « roi-Planète », est roi des Espagnes et des Indes après la mort de son père Philippe III d'Espagne, du 31 mars 1621 à sa mort [1]. En 1610, l'assassinat du roi Henri IV de France permet l’avènement du jeune Louis XIII, alors âgé de neuf ans. La régence, confiée à la reine-mère Marie de Médicis, marque le début d'une politique pacifiste de rapprochement avec la maison de Habsbourg. Le roi mourut de déshydratation. Philip III's reign was marked by significant economic problems across Spain. Philip III turned to peace negotiations instead; with the accession to the throne of James I of England it became possible to terminate both the war and English support to the Dutch, with the signature in 1604 of the Treaty of London.[66]. - Click here for more information. With the Dutch now vulnerable to a strike through the Rhine valley, a renewed war against the Provinces, with the aim of forcing the Dutch to a more suitable permanent peace, appeared inevitable. [79] The Real Audiencia of Santiago opined in the 1650s that slavery of Mapuches was one of the reasons for constant state of war between the Spanish and the Mapuche.[80]. Available Exact wording Only in the title. Il est le fils du roi Philippe II d'Espagne (1527-1598) et de sa quatrième épouse Anne d'Autriche (1549-1580). L'Espagne sous Charles-Quint, Philippe II et Philippe III, ou, les Osmanlis et la monarchie espagnole pendant les XVIe et XVIIe siècles,. See Goodman (2002), for a thorough account of this revival. Father Juan de Santa Maria – confessor to Philip's daughter, doña Maria, was felt by contemporaries to have an excessive influence over Philip at the end of his life,[13] and both he and Luis de Aliaga, Philip's own confessor, were credited with influencing the overthrow of Lerma in 1618. [62] There were no attempts to create an equivalent to the French intendant position – the closest equivalent, the corregidor, lacked the strong links to the crown required to overcome local opposition. English. [Museo Nacional de Escultura (Valladolid, Spain); Spain. Philip's eventual decree to expel a nationality that had lived in Spain for over 800 years and was assimilated within it was based less on doctrinal than financial considerations – confiscating the 'wealth' of the Moriscos - which caused jealousy and resentment by other Christians in Spain, especially in Valencia. Philip's initial aim was to achieve a decisive 'great victory'[64] in the long running war against the rebellious Dutch provinces of the Spanish Netherlands, whilst placing renewed pressure on the English government of Queen Elizabeth I in an effort to terminate English support for their Dutch colleagues. Il n'a ni énergie ni capacités pour gouverner. After Philip III's older brother Don Carlos died insane, Philip II had concluded that one of the causes of Carlos' condition had been the influence of the warring factions at the Spanish court. Charles III est 22 fois l’ascendant de Philippe VI. Fils de Philippe II et de sa nièce Anne d'Autriche, il est roi d'Espagne, de Naples, de Sicile et de Portugal (« Philippe II ») de 1598 à sa mort. Philippe III d'Espagne (14 avril 1578 à Madrid, 31 mars 1621 à Madrid) fut roi d'Espagne, roi de Portugal et d'Algarves (Philippe II de Portugal) de 1598 à sa mort. "Philip III, had taken the drastic step of stripping indigenous "rebels" of the customary royal protection against enslavement in 1608, thus making Chile one of the few parts of the empire where slave taking was entirely legal." [28] Before long, the apparatus of the Spanish government was packed with Lerma's relatives, Lerma's servants and Lerma's political friends, to the exclusion of others. Fils de Philippe II et de sa nièce Anne d'Autriche, il est roi d'Espagne, de Naples, de Sicile et de Portugal (« Philippe II ») de 1598 à sa mort. Religion, Philip and the role of women at court, War with the Dutch, England and the truce of 1609–21. 1.2. Philippe VI Pour les articles homonymes, voir Philippe VI et Philippe de Bourbon . Philip III (Spanish: Felipe; 14 April 1578 – 31 March 1621) was King of Spain. September 1665 in Madrid) war König von Spanien, Neapel und Sizilien und als Philipp III. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. La dernière modification de cette page a été faite le 19 octobre 2020 à 16:45. Marguerite was born on December 25 1584, in Graz, Graz, Styria, Austria. [24] All members of royal councils were under orders to maintain complete transparency with Lerma as the king's personal representative;[24] indeed, in 1612 the councils were ordered by Philip to obey Lerma as if he were the king. [4], Prince Philip appears to have been generally liked by his contemporaries: 'dynamic, good-natured and earnest,' suitably pious, having a 'lively body and a peaceful disposition,' albeit with a relatively weak constitution. L'Espagne s'enfonce dans une crise économique due à l'épuisement des métaux précieux en provenance d'Amérique et des guerres coûteuses. [6] Nonetheless, Philip does not appear to have been naive – his correspondence to his daughters shows a distinctive cautious streak in his advice on dealing with court intrigue.[7]. [12] Philip steadily acquired other religious advisors. A member of the House of Habsburg, Philip III was born in Madrid to King Philip II of Spain and his fourth wife and niece Anna, the daughter of Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian II and Maria of Spain. The Twelve Years' Truce with the Dutch followed in 1609, which enabled the Southern Netherlands to recover, but it was a de facto recognition of the independence of the Dutch Republic, and many European powers established diplomatic relations with the Dutch. Ainsi, durant le règne de Philippe III, deux validos se succèdent : L'Espagne s'enfonce dans une crise économique due à l'épuisement des métaux précieux en provenance d'Amérique et des guerres coûteuses. [67] Philip had also been increasingly influenced over the years by first Queen Margaret, and later the other, powerful Habsburg women at court, whilst the incoming set of advisors that replaced de Lerma, especially de Zúñiga, also saw Spain's future as part of a strong alliance with a Habsburg Holy Roman Empire. The monopoly of power in the hands of the Lerma's Sandoval family had generated numerous enemies; Lerma's personal enrichment in office had become a scandal; Lerma's extravagant spending and personal debts was beginning to alarm his own son, Cristóbal de Sandoval, Duke of Uceda; lastly, ten years of quiet diplomacy by Fathers Luis de Aliaga, Philip's confessor, and Juan de Santa Maria, Philip's daughter's confessor and a former client of Queen Margaret,[13] had begun to apply personal and religious pressure on the king to alter his method of government.