Radhia Haddad, wrote in her autobiography "Woman's Talk" : "On the eve of independence, the most ancient and the most blatant injustice was the condition of women.". Les dispositions du présent chapitre seront applicables, nonobstant les exceptions prévues aux autres chapitres du présent code. Rapport de partage d'une succession selon les dispositions du Code du Statut Personnel tunisien. He gave women a unique place in Tunisian society, notably abolishing polygamy, creating a judicial procedure for divorce and requiring marriage to be performed only in the event of the mutual consent of both parties. Nevertheless, unemployment affects women disproportionately, 16.7 per cent in 2004 compared to 12.9 per cent for men. It made maternal grandparents equally entitled, eliminating the concept of the patriarchal family. �L�1��]geX4������I��RQ�%��XC��6O���X��nlA�����$���mQ�C��=�H�!y�5��#�3�kڀ���N�� �n'm�zQ赨����M�e=D���9L`���p��&����pbU�H~�0�T�Ӄ6��T]��4)� ��H����cd؀�"D߰\�%N}��q!wojK��˷��g��:f�н�i�e�G�Z����K�t̼�эy}Y�YaQ�z7�I�z?f�RDe��``���7^���-~�ǁ0� yZ9�z7�Y��E�O�h�T�x�=7��Y�M���+�C�C����!�q�r������){��N��ڐ�| The reference to Islam, become almost ritual, even if there was also added the memory of the ancient Carthaginian past of the country in insisting on its cultural diversity, becomes more subdued by referring to speeches given between 1987 and 1989. returning to this speech, three major ideas dominate: praise of achieved and irreversible modernity, recognition of known societal advances, such as the passing of the extended family for the nuclear family, and the necessity to put into practice the advances in legal texts. - Code du statut personnel - Loi du 3 juin 1966 réaménageant la garde des enfants - Loi du 18 février 1981 modifiant certaines dispositions du code de statut personnel relatives au divorce et à la tutelle. Indeed, although economic growth was not negligible, it did not match other North African countries like Morocco. It told the story of the evolution of the condition of women in Tunisia through three periods: the period 1930-1938 which ended with the creation of UNFT, the period 1938 to 1952 which induced two struggles for the emancipation of women and for the independence of the country and the period following 1956 with the achievements in that which concerns the Code. prononcer le divorce (article 31, alinéa 1 du code de statut personnel tunisien). It was promulgated by beylical decree on August 13, 1956 and came into effect on January 1, 1957. This complaint forced Bourguiba to intervene, publicly and by name. However, concerning my duties and responsibilities, I am qualified to interpret religious law.". 93-74 of July 12, 1993 modified the Code giving wives the right to transfer her patrimony and nationality to children to the same extent as husbands, even if she was married to a foreigner, on the sole condition that the father has given his approval. 517 0 obj <> endobj Au nom du peuple, Nous, Habib Bourguiba, président de la République ... - décret du 11 août 1937 portant statut des journalistes professionnels, - décret du 28 juillet 1938, rendant applicables à la Tunisie, ... au personnel correspondant du commerce et de l’industrie. Les dispositions du présent chapitre s'appliqueront indifféremment aux interdits qu'ils soient de sexe masculin ou de sexe féminin. Later, a second series of provisions reinforced the protection of women in regard to men in repressing spousal violence more rigorously and in instituting alimony payments and in enforcing this from divorced husbands seeking to shirk this responsibility. The feminist question is a recurring theme in Tunisia, more than in all the other countries of the Maghrib, and the country is from that point of view "atypical" of the region. 0000008248 00000 n At the same time the reformist newspaper Ennahda published the poems of Aboul-Qacem Echebbi, who participated to a lesser extent than Haddad in the defence of the rights of women. Khalifa Chater-13 août 2019. However, in perusing "the ways and means of permitting the promotion and strengthening the achievements of women without altering our Arab Muslim identity," Ben Ali on August 13, 1993, fixed the limits he considered impassable: The Tunisian minister in charge of women and the family on February 9, 1994, affirmed for her part in the French senate and taking some liberties with history: "When Bourguiba promulgated the Code, he did so in the name of Sharia and Islam.". This act registered a series of reforms touching other aspects of the impact of religion on society. . ", In 1995, other legislative innovations were voted in the allocation of the goods at the heart of a couple, recognizing the fact that the composition of the goods was made by two spouses and in divorce cases women could not be excluded in the division of joint inheritances. Le Code du statut personnel tunisien ( CSP ) nécessite-t-il un amendement, 60 ans après sa promulgation, à la lumière de la Constitution de 2014? Forums. AFRICA24. Reforms were carried out in 1993. Par Lilia Labidi. Original (en arabe) du texte integral du Code du statut personnel signé par Habib Bourguiba. Suivre. Fifteen years later, Abdelaziz Thaalbi, Cesar Ben Attar and Haydi Sabai published "The Koran's Liberal Spirit" which urges the education of girls and the removal of the veil. Code du Statut Personnel - Tunisie. The 1980s are characterized in the same line through an immobility in terms of feminist reforms, with the exception of some advances not negotiable at the beginning of the decade: law no. In the years following independence, women obtained the right to work, to move, to open bank accounts and to establish businesses without the permission of their husbands being sought. It is also stated that: "material harm would be recompensed (to the woman) in the form of a monthly alimony payment... to the level of life to which she was accustomed during married life, here including residence". In the same period Shayk Mohamed Fadhel Ben Achour, who was mufti of Tunisia and rector of the University of Ez-Zitouna, issued a fatwa, result of a personal ijtihad. 0000004186 00000 n In 1930, Tahar Haddad, himself influenced by the reformist current begun in the Nineteenth Century by Kheirredine Pasha, Ibn Ahmad ibn Abi Diyaf, Muhammad Snoussi, Salem Bouhageb, Mohamed Bayram V and other thinkers who all defended the concept of modernism, published "Our Women in Sharia and Society." « Ayant été à l’origine du Code tunisien du statut personnel de 1956 et ayant participé directement à la confection et à la rédaction de ses principaux articles selon les directives du président Bourguiba je suis à même de vous dire très exactement dans quel esprit et selon quels principes ce Code a été élaboré… Declaring that he was "convinced of the aptitude of women to assume the highest duties in the heart of the state and society," he announced the creation of a state secretariat charged with women and the family and the nomination of a number of superior women to cabinet. Vu Notre décret du 12 juillet 1956 (30 doul hidja 1375), fixant le statut personnel des Tunisiens non musulmans et non israélites, Vu Notre décret du 3 août 1956 (25 doul hidja 1375), portant modification de certains articles du Code tunisien de procédure civile, Vu l'avis du conseil des Ministres, On September 7, he asked members of the religious courts for their opinions concerning the Code's conformity with religious law. Les empêchements permanents sont ceux relatifs à la parenté (de sang, par alliance ou lié à l’allaitement) des futurs époux … de société engagé par la Tunisie indépendante. For Bourguiba, the condition of equality between spouses being impossible to assure, prohibition of polygamy became therefore legitimate. Moreover, on November 1, 1983, Bourguiba named two women ministers, Fathia Mzali to the Ministry of the family and of the Advancement of Women and Souad Yaacoubi to Public Health. Certainly, Tunisian public services are accessible to all without distinction of creed and the constitution guarantees religious freedom, so long as it does not threaten public order, but Islam remains the state religion, to the extent that it is said it is obligatory for the president of the republic to be able to assert it. The Code also prescribes that: "Each of the two spouses must treat the partner with kindness, live in good rapport and avoid all prejudice," thus abolishing the wife's obligation of obedience to her husband. Furthermore, each of the measures taken in drawing up the Code was accompanied by justification provided from a liberal interpretation of Muslim law. Proclaimed on March 20, 1956, then promulgated on August 13 of the same year (Muharram 6, 1376) by Lamin Bey's beylical decree, the Code came into force on January 1, 1957. At the same time, power desired the destabilization of the Marxist left and encouraged the founding of the Association for the Preservation of the Koran in January 1968 which contributed to the birth of the Islamist party Ennahda. On June 13, 1955, Bouzid, then the magazine's only woman, edited in its eighth issue an article signed with the pseudonym of Layla and entitled "Call For Emancipation Law." Chapitre IV - Empêchements au mariage. 54/��c"8y.����m8�=�D(P�Nm�BWPQ��X��ЏY_�l�A �Y�W�+37,H/��Ԩ� �Y��u�Be0vJ�-j$��3�� $Y ��. Le Code du statut personnel (arabe : مجلة الأحوال الشخصية) ou CSP consiste en une série de lois progressistes tunisiennes, promulguées le 13 août 1956 par décret beylical puis entrées en vigueur le 1 er janvier 1957, visant à l'instauration de l'égalité entre l'homme et la femme dans nombre de domaines. 14 et s du CSPT). 551 0 obj<>stream It is necessary to know that Bourguiba always worshipped his mother, who died prematurely, according to the chief of state, in 1913. On the morrow, March 19, Ben Ali, during a televised address, publicly asserted his support for the Code. Furthermore, from 1999 to 2004 job creation grew 3.21 per cent for women, with an average of 19,000 created each year. This explained that the future of Islamic civilization depends on its modernization. Article 170. In addition, between ten thousand and fifteen thousand of them are business leaders. Bourguiba's successor, Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, did not challenge the Code and himself introduced modifications that reinforced it, in particular with the July 1993 amendment. L'un des époux ne peut revenir durant l'audience de jugement sur l'accord donné en conciliation qu'avec l'assentiment de l'autre conjoint. Tunisian women hearing his call unveiled and often asked him to settle disputes with their husbands. Décret du 13 août 1956, portant promulgation du Code du Statut Personnel. Le Code du statut personnel tunisien distingue les empêchements permanents des empêchements provisoires (art. The Code was promulgated by Decree of 13 August 1956, which was published in the Journal Officiel de la République Tunisienne No. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. Soumettre une succession. Mes pensées. ���/vi�x�U�{"nw������^�^0=��:y6�`hl�p��ѕr�0��_2�� �qW�#{�:6�Ҵ�5�W�782����J��^i��P���;�e�vԕ��ԁ t�7��S�Aj �_F�ҨS���g�yl����sx����+_�B�"��SZ�F�ޫ� ɦ[��j3ZU�@V���'O�R�m��Hh��w���3eUы�d�ް.m�'��p5���_����{���. Drafted by fifteen jurists, the majority Arabic speakers, under the supervision of the Justice Minister, Ahmad Mestiri, the Code was voted in the wake of independence and even before the drafting of the constitution. Si le code du statut personnel ne nous a pas paru en mesure de s'accommoder de la laïcité dans le sens organique du terme, c'est parce que, dans sa genèse, la notion de laïcité semble étrangère au droit musulman et, par voie de conséquence, aux droits des pays arabo-musulmans qui le pendraient pour source, dont le droit tunisien. Later, in 1968, ratification of the ILO's convention number 100 instituted equality of treatment in employment of men and women for work of equal value. This same court did not rule except in a case brought through the mutual consent of both spouses and in the case of the request of one of the partners as the result of harm of which that spouse was the victim. Nous déclarons nulle et non avenue toute modification ou remises en question des droits de la femme qui sont figurés dans le Code du Statut Personnel. %PDF-1.6 %���� 0000006347 00000 n In this context, on the eve of independence there did not really exist a political movement strictly based on the demand for the rights of women. Les personnes successibles sont deux sortes : les héritiers réservataires et les héritiers agnats (aceb). They work in all trades, in the army, in civil and military aviation and in the police. In August 1994, during a seminar devoted to women and the family, ATFD denounced the ambiguity of power and the use of religion to regulate the condition of women in the country, criticizing chiefly "the patriarchal oppression of women. 0000005210 00000 n Loi n° 58-70 du 4 juillet 1958 portant modification de l'article 18 du code du statut personnel . This Code is one of the best known deeds of Habib Bourguiba, who was Prime Minister and later President. Soon after a debate held in June 1997 at the European Parliament on the situation of the rights of Tunisian women, some Tunisian women were sent to Strasbourg to give Europe another view of their country. In connection with profession, a new article of the labor code, no. Article 4 and while glorifying Tunisia's "Arab-Islamic" identity. The hijab, little in use, made its appearance in the 2000s as a return to a mythical Arab Islamic authenticity, the influence of foreign television networks and the context following the attacks on September 11, 2001 could constitute a complementary explanation. Taking the lead in Tunisia's modernization campaign, Habib Bourguiba in each of his speeches found occasion to criticize sexist attitudes, opposing the hijab and appealing to science on the issue of virginity at marriage. A law of March 1958 imposed civil marriage and on December 14, 1960, another law limited to four the number of children benefiting from family allowances. In several of his speeches, memory of her returned and the exhaustion born of the double function of the spouse and the mother contributed to his denunciation of the feminine condition in traditional Tunisian society. CODE DU STATUT PERSONNELEn annexe, les textes réglementant :* L'état civil* Le régime de communauté des biens entre les époux* Le certificat médical pré Aller au contenu Les droits des enfants et des parents, d’abord ! Many translated example sentences containing "le code du statut personnel tunisien" – English-French dictionary and search engine for English translations. He was thus limited to introducing measures against abuses. Once more, Bourguiba justified himself by the decree of the Koran: The Code also instituted the principle of the equality of men and women in relation to citizenship. Le Code du statut personnel tunisien distingue les empêchements permanents des empêchements provisoires (art. As early as 1868, Hayreddin Pasha wrote "The Surest Way to an Understanding of the State of Nations" in Arabic. Les empêchements permanents sont ceux relatifs à la parenté (de sang, par alliance ou lié à l’allaitement) des futurs époux … Lacking women, absent from Tunisian press of the period, the magazine folded, but Ben Yahmed had made the acquaintance of Dorra Bouzid, then a student in Paris, and recruited her to relaunch the magazine. 0000006633 00000 n On August 20, 1956, this last sent a letter to Ahmed Mestiri, in which he called for revision of certain articles of the Code, of which those related to the prohibition of polygamy and the creation of a procedure for divorce. The Code of Personal Status (CPS) (Arabic: مجلة الأحوال الشخصية‎) is a series of progressive Tunisian laws aiming at the institution of equality between women and men in a number of areas. Il porte le nom de Magâlla. 0000327818 00000 n 0000330935 00000 n Code du statut personnel (Tunisie) Proposé par : Cimoi 2 avril 2008 à 17:41 (CEST) Dans le cadre du projet Tunisie et du Wikiconcours, j'ai amélioré cet article qui présente de façon précise et synthétique le sujet.Au terme de son passage en BA, quelques détails ont été arrangés, si vous avez des suggestions ou des questions, elles sont bien sûr les bienvenues. Bourguiba himself yielded to the conservatives' wishes and in 1974 refused the pressure of his entourage and the majority of his government wanting to modify the law concerning equality in succession, which had instituted the equality of the sexes in relation to inheritance. 517 35 Le code du statut personnel (tunisien) a cette double particularité d’être inspiré de la shariaa d’un coté et de s’en écarter de l’autre »4. Transfert vers Statut des femmes en Tunisie. Finally, another prescription annulled the privilege of paternal grandparents to receive support payments for children. daccess-ods.un.org. 0000004644 00000 n In this context, the film maker Moufida Tlatli, famous for her film "The Silences of the Palace" (1994) was heavily criticized in the magazine "Realities" for having shown her scepticism on the supposed feminism of Islam during a television broadcast in October 1994. On February 9, 1994, "Tunisian Women's Day" was organized by the French senate under the title "Tunisia, an Assumed Modernity." 5 Cependant le statut personnel ne fut pas intégré dans le code civil, comme c’est le cas dans le droit français, même s’il en faisait partie. Il est vrai que le Code du statut personnel tunisien a aboli en Tunisie depuis 1956 la polygamie et la répudiation pratiquée jadis sous forme d’un acte rédigé chez le notaire à la demande de l’époux prévoyant de rompre unilatéralement le mariage qui le lie à son épouse. The arguments he presented there were subsequently adopted by Bourguiba in his speeches. 14 et s du CSPT). Son commentaire de la Moudawwana, autrement dit, du Code du statut personnel marocain, promulgué en 1957-1958, a été conçu dans le même esprit, et suivant le même plan que celui qu'il avait consacré, il y a quelques années, au Code du statut personnel tunisien. Bourguiba is declared to be a mujtahid and not a Kemalist, because he reproached the Turkist leader as too removed from society. On January 10, 1957, the wearing of the veil at school was forbidden. 0000006191 00000 n code du travail *. These two rights became official on March 14, 1957 and Tunisian women voted for the first time in municipal elections in May 1959 and later in the presidential and legislative elections of November 1959. 0000325661 00000 n 0000335144 00000 n Radhia Haddad recognizes Bourguiba's merits in these transformations: "If all countries have finished, one day or the other, in freeing themselves from foreign invaders, none, and surely no Arab Muslim country, has dared a social revolution to such an extent.". authentique laïque, l’État tunisien, de l’indépendance à aujourd’hui, n’a jamais été laïc. CODE DU STATUT PERSONNEL Décret du 13 août 1956, portant promulgation Du Code du Statut Personnel (1) Louanges à Dieu ! The first strengthened the residence law to the benefit of mothers caring for children and the second harmonized the minimum marriage age to eighteen years for both sexes; the mean marriage age had reached 25 for women and 30 for men. Vu Notre décret du 12 juillet 1956 (30 doulhidja 1375), fixant le statut personnel des Tunisiens non musulmans et non israélites, Vu Notre décret du 3 août 1956 (25 doulhidja 1375), portant modification de certains articles du Code tunisien de procédure civile, Vu l'avis du conseil des Ministres, He recognized on this occasion that the equality of the sexes did not yet fully exist and foresaw future improvements. Vu Notre décret du 12 juillet 1956 (30 doulhidja 1375), fixant le statut personnel des Tunisiens non musulmans et non israélites, Vu Notre décret du 3 août 1956 (25 doulhidja 1375), portant modification de certains articles du Code tunisien de procédure civile, Vu l'avis du conseil des Ministres, This Code is one of the best known deeds of Habib Bourguiba, who was Prime Minister and later President. During a speech delivered on December 26, 1962, Bouguiba stated: "Work contributes to the emancipation of women. authentique laïque, l’État tunisien, de l’indépendance à aujourd’hui, n’a jamais été laïc. Le Code du statut personnel tunisien ( CSP ) nécessite-t-il un amendement, 60 ans après sa promulgation, à la lumière de la Constitution de 2014? 93-66 of July 5, 1993 reaffirmed that: "There can be no discrimination between men and women in the application of the dispositions of the Code. Indeed, on this issue he could not refer to the Koran to justify himself, as the text is clear: "To sons, a part equal to that of two daughters." trailer The suppression of free expression and of political opposition tarnishes the country's reputation abroad. Les droits réels qui en résultent pour les immeubles immatriculés ne se constituent que par leur inscription sur le livre foncier. 72 Invités, 0 Membres Statistiques courantes : Total des membres: 4 107 Total des messages: 18 966 Total des sujets: 5 729 Total des catégories: 22 Total des sections: 55 The Code of Personal Status (CPS) (Arabic: مجلة الأحوال الشخصية‎) is a series of progressive Tunisian laws aiming at the institution of equality between women and men in a number of areas.